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    Step by step, humans have been taking measures to combat climate change, such as the Paris Agreement of 2015, which called for reducing carbon from the atmosphere. The solution to cutting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere includes carbon capture and storage technology. These technologies are divided into physical and biological—referred to as green technology.

    From a biological perspective, photosynthesis, which involves the absorption of CO2 by plants and algae, is the most environmentally friendly and sustainable solution. This process is driven by improvements made to natural absorbers like forests, ocean fertilization, and microalgae cultivation. It is known that algae can effectively reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

    Algae are photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic environments. These living organisms are classified as Protista and sometimes Plantae—the latter classification is often still a subject of controversy.

    Algae are divided into seven types, categorized based on pigmentation and food reserves: green algae (cholorophyta), euglenoids (euglenophyta), l (chrysophyta), g (pyrrophyta), a (rhodophyta), e (xanthophyta), (paeophyta)

    Algae produce a massive amount (about half) of the oxygen in oceans, rivers, and lakes worldwide. Algae require nitrogen, phosphate, CO2, water, and sunlight to grow efficiently. Thanks to their ability to absorb carbon for growth, algae are invaluable assets in mitigating climate change.

    Additionally, various studies have revealed that algae can be utilized to produce bioenergy, biofuels, and biomaterials from terrestrial biomass.